Typical wiring diagram
Incorrect wiring – risk of malfunction/damage to equipment
This section provides a typical wiring diagram. The integrator can modify the configuration of the diagram according to their needs and requirements. Creating the wiring diagram for the end application is the responsibility of the integrator.
Below is the typical scheme for the standard variant of the SL controller (48exa1060-400_AFFFG-600BB), together with the description of the main components.
Main DC fuse
Installing a fuse on the main battery lead is recommended to ensure protection in case of a short circuit on the power circuit. The fuse is typically connected between the battery + terminal and the + lead on the controller side.
The selection of a suitable fuse is the integrator's responsibility. It is recommended that the short-circuit fuse ideally blows within approximately 2 - 3 seconds when the DC current passing through it reaches twice the DC current value for peak power at the specified voltage of the end application.
Main switch
The controller's logic circuit is powered through the KEY pin. In this case, the KEY pin is connected to the battery + through the external fuse and ignition switch.
The controller is turned ON by rising edge (positive pulse) on the POWER pin generated by the start button. The controller is turned OFF by disconnecting its logic circuit from the power by opening the ignition switch. The controller has also ability to turn itself OFF by firmware (when configured).
This two-step turn-on allows having some vehicle functions active (such as lights) without propulsion being active. Such behavior is usually required for road-legal vehicles.
siliXcon VDS1 display can be at the place of the momentary switch
The total length of the wires to the main switch should be shorter than 10m.
Main contactor
The contactor can be used in the end application as a component ensuring the disconnection of the power supply from the power stage in the event of a dangerous situation. Under normal conditions, the contactor should never open (disconnecting the controller from the DC supply) when the motor is driven.
Disconnecting of DC supply - possible damage to the controller
DC supply should never be disconnected from the controller, if the motor is driven.
The choice of a suitable contactor is the responsibility of the integrator. The control current rating of the contactor should correspond to the maximum anticipated operating current of the end application.
When operating the contactor using a device other than the controller, it is crucial to assess potential implications. Disconnecting the DC power while the system is under load may result in controller damage. In such scenarios, ensuring coordination between the controller and the device managing the contactor is essential to prevent controller damage.
Motor
A motor with permanent magnets induces voltage (back-EMF) while spinning. This voltage is directly proportional to the motor's revolutions per minute (rpm). When the motor operates beyond its nominal rpm, it is crucial to ensure that the amplitude of the back EMF remains below the non-operational overvoltage limit.
High voltage – risk of personnel injury and/or damage to equipment
In this particular case, the motor is equipped with 3 hall sensors together with the motor winding temperature sensor. The used controller is in the motor sensor variant - 'a'. More technical details can be found in Motor position sensor and Motor temperature sensor chapters.
Throttle
The controller can process a wide range of analog throttles which provide output signal in the range of 0 - 5 V. It can be a potentiometer, hall type or just an analog signal provided by a voltage source.
The controller has also a dedicated +5 V power supply for the throttle. Detailed technical specifications can be found in this chapter.
CAN interface
The controller can be a part of the CAN system. CAN interface can be used for commanding the controller or for data exchange between the nodes.
Detailed technical specifications of the CAN interface can be found in this chapter.